The Guiding Principle and Philosophy of the Dupla Optimum Aquarium

The aquarium is an artificial habitat for tropical fish and plants. Even the largest aquarium is just a small water puddle in comparison with the natural biotope. Without appropriate regulation, the chemical and physical conditions in it will very quickly go from one extreme to another, therefore making healthy fish and plant life impossible without appropriate control by the aquarium keeper. Building upon the decades of experience of Horst E. Kipper and Kaspar Horst, the Dupla product line today, offers a wide range of aquarium systems that provide optimum conditions for fish and plants - in some ways even better than nature. The basis of the Dupla systems was formed by countless biotope investigations in the native countries of aquarium fish and plants, with the findings being adapted into practical aquarium terms by means of numerous tests and extensive development work. Horst E. Kipper and Kaspar Horst have documented this work in their books, publications and magazine articles. At the same time, the rules for a successful aquarium crystallised from this work - summarised as the '10 Golden Rules for The Optimum Aquarium'.  These form the basis for the complete Dupla aquarium product range.